Fish can be obtained through two primary methods: capture fishing and fish farming (aquaculture). Capture fishing involves catching fish from natural water bodies like oceans, rivers, and lakes using various techniques and equipment. Fish farming, on the other hand, involves cultivating and rearing fish in controlled environments like ponds or tanks.
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
1. Capture Fishing:
Natural Harvesting:
This method involves fishing in natural water bodies using traditional or modern methods like nets, hooks, lines, and traps.
Types:
Capture fishing can be broadly categorized into:
Industrial fishing: Large-scale operations using specialized vessels and equipment.
Small-scale/artisanal fishing: Smaller operations using less sophisticated gear and methods.
Recreational fishing: Fishing for sport and leisure.
Resources:
Capture fishing utilizes a wide range of resources, including:
Freshwater resources: Rivers, lakes, ponds, and reservoirs.
Brackish water resources: Estuaries and lagoons.
Marine resources: Coastal and deep seas.
2. Fish Farming (Aquaculture):
Controlled Rearing:
Fish farming involves raising fish in controlled environments like ponds, tanks, or cages.
Methods:
Aquaculture can be further classified into:
Mariculture: Fish farming in saltwater environments like coastal waters or lagoons.
Aquaculture: Fish farming in freshwater environments like ponds or tanks.
Process:
Fish farming typically involves:
Selection of fish species and seed: Choosing appropriate fish species and obtaining young fish (fry or fingerlings).
Feeding: Providing fish with appropriate food, either natural or artificial.
Breeding: Ensuring the reproduction of fish in captivity.
Harvesting: Collecting the mature fish for consumption or sale.