Two common methods to prevent rusting of iron are coating it with a protective layer like paint or oil and galvanizing, which involves coating iron with a thin layer of zinc.
Elaboration:
1. Coating with Paint, Oil, or Grease:
Applying a protective layer like paint, oil, or grease creates a barrier that prevents moisture and oxygen from reaching the iron surface, thus hindering the rusting process. This barrier physically isolates the iron from the necessary conditions for rust to form.
2. Galvanization:
Galvanization involves coating iron with a thin layer of zinc. Zinc is more reactive than iron and will corrode (rust) before the iron if exposed to moisture and oxygen. This sacrificial protection ensures that the iron remains protected, even if the zinc coating is scratched or damaged.