Copper is favored for hot water tanks over steel beIn electrolytic refining of a metal M, the anode is made of the impure metal M, the cathode is a thin strip of pure metal M, and the electrolyte is a solution of a soluble salt of metal M (e.g., M sulfate).
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
Anode:
The anode is made of the impure metal that needs to be refined. During electrolysis, the impure metal dissolves into the electrolyte as metal ions.
Cathode:
The cathode is a thin strip of the pure metal M. As the metal ions from the electrolyte reach the cathode, they gain electrons and deposit as pure metal on the cathode surfacecause it’s more resistant to corrosion and a better conductor of heat. While steel (an alloy of iron) can rust and corrode when exposed to steam and hot water, copper does not react with water and is a more efficient heat conductor.
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
Corrosion Resistance:
Copper’s resistance to corrosion is a primary reason for its use in hot water tanks. Unlike steel, which contains iron that reacts with steam and hot water, copper does not corrode. This means a copper tank will last longer and won’t contaminate the water with rust or corroded material.
Heat Conductivity:
Copper is a significantly better conductor of heat than steel. This means it can efficiently transfer heat from the heating element to the water, ensuring faster and more effective water heating.
Longevity:
Due to its corrosion resistance, copper hot water tanks have a much longer lifespan than steel tanks. This translates to fewer replacements and lower long-term maintenance costs.