To demonstrate that synthetic fibers are generally stronger than cotton fibers, you can perform a simple tensile strength test. Attach a cotton thread and a synthetic fiber thread (like nylon or polyester) to an iron stand, and gradually add weight until one of the threads breaks. You’ll likely find that the synthetic thread holds more weight before breaking, indicating its higher tensile strength.
Detailed Activity:
Materials:
Two iron stands with clamps.
One cotton thread.
One synthetic thread (e.g., nylon or polyester).
A pan or container to hold weights.
A set of weights.
Measuring tape.
Procedure:
Preparation: Ensure both threads are of the same length and thickness. Attach each thread to the clamp of a separate iron stand, making sure they hang freely.
Testing: Place the pan at the free end of each thread.
Gradually Add Weight: Begin by placing a small weight in the pan attached to the cotton thread.
Observe: Continue adding weights incrementally to the pan on both threads, observing carefully which thread breaks first.
Record: Note the total weight required to break each thread. You can also record the weight at which the threads start to stretch or show signs of weakness.
Expected Outcome:
The synthetic fiber thread will likely hold more weight before breaking than the cotton thread. This demonstrates its higher tensile strength.
Explanation:
Synthetic fibers are typically made of polymers, which are strong and resistant to stretching and breaking. Cotton fibers, being made of natural cellulose, are weaker and tend to break under higher tension.