The correct answer is (b) (i) and (ii).
Explanation:
(i) Manure contains large quantities of organic matter and small quantities of nutrients:
This is true. Manure is composed of decomposed organic material from animal waste and plant residues, which provides nutrients to the soil. However, it’s important to note that while it contains nutrients, the quantity of nutrients relative to the organic matter is generally smaller.
(ii) It increases the water holding capacity of sandy soil:
Manure can improve the water holding capacity of sandy soils by adding organic matter, which acts as a sponge, trapping water particles within the soil matrix.
(iii) It helps in draining out of excess of water from clayey soil:
This statement is incorrect. Manure actually improves the water holding capacity of both sandy and clay soils, not draining excess water from clay. Clayey soils already have a high water holding capacity due to their clay particles. Adding manure further enhances this capacity.
(iv) Its excessive use pollutes environment because it is made of animal excretory waste:
While manure is made from animal excretory waste, this statement is not entirely accurate concerning pollution. Excessive use of any fertilizer, including manure, can lead to environmental pollution, such as nutrient runoff and eutrophication of water bodies. However, the statement focuses solely on the fact that manure is made from animal waste, implying that this is the sole reason for its potential to pollute, which is incorrect.