Cultivation practices and crop yield are inextricably linked to environmental conditions. Proper cultivation methods, like soil preparation, fertilization, and irrigation, help optimize crop growth and yield by managing the environmental factors that influence plant development. These factors include soil fertility, water availability, climate, and the presence of pests and diseases.
Explanation:
Environmental Factors:
Climate, soil quality, water availability, and pest/disease presence are key determinants of crop yield.
Cultivation Practices:
These practices aim to create an environment conducive to plant growth by optimizing soil fertility, water access, and controlling pests and diseases.
Interdependence:
Proper cultivation practices help to mitigate the effects of adverse environmental conditions and maximize the potential for high crop yield.
Example:
For instance, during the rainy season, some crops (kharif) are cultivated in hot and humid conditions, while others (rabi) are cultivated in winter seasons, each requiring specific cultivation practices for optimal growth.
Impact of Environmental Change:
Human activities have significantly altered environmental conditions, impacting plant growth and crop yields. For example, changes in temperature and carbon dioxide levels can affect seasonal cycles and crop productivity.
Water Management:
Cultivation practices, such as drip irrigation and water harvesting, help to ensure adequate water availability for crops, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, where water scarcity is a major constraint on crop production.